Žvėryno rajono gyvenamųjų ir visuomeninių pastatų tipai pagal jų vaizdo savybes ir šių tipų pasiskirstymas teritorijoje

Abstract

Buildings are evaluated according to their aesthetic properties and physical characteristics, juridical dependence and other indications characterising them. All these factors are taken into account only in the respect of their influence to the exterior sight of the buildings. The evaluation is carried out by quarters, the method of experts as well as historical sources are used. Buildings are evaluated from the point of view of architectural context of the whole city of Vilnius. The types of buildings and the criterious defining these types are enumerated in table 1. All the buildings are devided into two groups: exceptional buildings which are considered to be the representatives of valuable architectural heritage fund (types: I e, f, g, II e, f, III 2 f, g) and utilitarian whie comprises all the other types. The group of exceptional buddings comprises only eight percent of all buildings of the district. Most of residential and social buildings belong to the group I a (see table 2). The displacement of the types of buildings is shown in the cartogram. According to the abundance of the types of exceptional buildings and the variety of them in the quarters, two zones are distinctive: the northern zone, which is to the north from Latvių street and the southern which is to the south from this street. All types of buildings of Žvėrynas district are repeated in other districts of the city. The sight of the buildings of Žvėrynas district and their cultural significance is not greater than in other districts of the town. The concentration of wooden one-two storied buildings, built in the period of czarist Russia government in Žvėrynas district is greater than in other provincial districts of Vilnius. These buildings have been built in the style which is dose, to russian national architectural decor (I e type). In the case if this type of buildings (which is also found in other towns and health-restorts) should be recognized as value of culture of the Republic, one of these means of monument protection should be applied: a) give the status of architectural monument to the most characteristic buildings of this type and create minimal protection zone for them; b) separate the limited territory with the greatest concentration of buildings of this type and establish the protection of it according to the monument protection regulations. From the point of view of monument protection as well as further urbanistic development, of Žvėrynas, the second way is more rational.