| dc.description.abstract | This monograph examines the sources, quantities, specificity, characteristics, and flow forecasts of biodegradable waste produced in agriculture, food industry, and municipal economies and discusses the possibilities of using waste for giving off biogas. The book looks into the aspects of biogas production from biodegradable waste in small-scale bioreactors: the composition and properties of biogas, the calculation of biogas output and the content of methane, the potential for generating the packing materials of bioreactors and biogas, and the kinetic analysis and mathematical simulation of biomass production comparing experimental and simulation results of biodegradable waste from agricultural and municipal waste streams. The study analyses biodegradable waste and mixtures, the calculations of parameters for bioreactors, payback time, the benefits and environmental features of bioreactors, the selection and economic assessment of small-scale bioreactors employed for producing biogas in smallholdings, and food industry enterprises. The monograph investigates the types, structure, and design of globally used small-scale bioreactors for producing biogas and explores analytical equipment for parameters of their performance, equipment for defining the content and composition of biogas, equipment for testing continuously operating bioreactors, and schemes for periodic operation under laboratory conditions. The book presents an overview of the quantitative and qualitative features of biogas in small-scale bioreactors, employing single-component (sewage sludge, food waste, livestock manure, and algae) and multi-component (mixtures of food waste and livestock manure, food waste and sewage sludge, food waste and green waste, livestock manure and green waste, and different types of food waste and sewage sludge with biochar) packing materials of biodegradable waste. The monograph considers small-scale composting bioreactors as part of bioplants, reviews composting technologies and bioreactors in smallholdings and industrial enterprises in Lithuania and worldwide, determines the quality of biodegradable waste compost with and without additives, and discusses gaseous emissions generated during the composting process, their qualitative composition, and the structure of small-scale composting equipment. The study assesses biogas production from biodegradable waste, providing the example of Lithuania as a country with limited sources of alternative energy. The quantitative and qualitative assessment of smallholdings and municipal waste in Lithuania has been conducted, and the distribution of the above-mentioned areas by the size and amounts of biodegradable waste as well as their economic, social, and environmental effects has been carried out. The pioneering work of the monograph includes theoretical and experimental studies on small-scale bioreactors, the simulation of biogas production, and the design and employment of new structures in smallholdings, food industry, and municipal economies. The book is dedicated to scientists working in the field of environmental engineering and experts in environmental protection. The monograph, as a source of scientific knowledge, can be successfully used for doctoral and postgraduate studies. | eng |
