Šiuolaikinės įmonės ištekliai ir jų reikšmė formuojant konkurencinę strategiją

Abstract

Modern theory of strategic management is based on two main concepts of strategy formulation: outside-in approach of the positioning school and inside-out approach of the resource-based view: each of them giving strongly reasoned answers to turbulent external environment challenges of the modern global world, each of them providing its own distinct path to sustained competitive advantage. The article analyzes the origins of the resource-based view, stressing its strong fundamental basis, arising from Ricardian rents and firm growth theories. As it is discussed throughout the article, unique, immobile, superior resources and capabilities, applied in the context of external environment to design a competitive strategy, is the basis for achieving sustained competitive advantage. The resources themselves distinct the enterprise from its competitors and thus, provide the strategic direction of choosing the industry and the position in that industry, to be the most appropriate for exploiting the superior resources. The article includes the comparative analysis of the structural and the resource-based concepts in order to highlight strengths and weaknesses of the latter, and to better position the resource-based view in strategic management science. The crucial role of the resource-based concept for a modern enterprise is considered to be a well theoretically grounded approach to organizational learning, progressive innovating, unique culture, creative and entrepreneurial management.