Automobilių variklių pagrindinių detalių techninio būvio įtaka degalų sąnaudoms

Abstract

The largest part of energy in the Lithuanian transport system is consumed by thermal engines of vehicles. Examination of fuel balance of automobile engines shows that 65 to 70 percent of energetic losses are frictional losses in the cylinder-piston group. For this reason investigation of the influence of the technical state of the group components on fuel consumption is purposeful. The technical state of the cylinder-piston pair depends on the thermal conditions of the pair which in turn depend not only on structural and technological factors but also on exploitational ones. For examining temperature and thermal deformations of the components, the finite element method was used. A discrete model of this unit was designed for solving this problem. The temperature field and thermal deformations of engine cylinders and pistons are among the basic factors determining their mechanical efficiency and fuel consumption. The finite element method enables influential estimation of various factors on thermal deformations of the cylinder-piston group.