Būsto kreditavimo sistemos Lietuvoje ir užsienyje

Abstract

This article presents the analysis of the crediting systems in Lithuania and abroad. The political changes in the Eastern and Central Europe influenced the collapse of one economical system and reorganized it into the market economy. Scandinavian and many other foreign countries housing crediting systems can be categorized into three groups: Model of crediting bonds (Denmark, Sweden, Iceland), Bank model (Finland and partly Norway), State model (Norway, partly Finland and Iceland). In Denmark the first credit bank for housing was established in 1799. The first act of housing credit came into force in 1850. Since 1990 Poland has been carrying out the reforms related to the establishment of market economy. In Germany housing crediting is provided by savings banks, building tanks, private mortgage banks, credit banks and others plus builders own capital. Different crediting sources have different crediting conditions. In Sweden subsidies are being counted according to so called “ acceptable” prices since 1993. The West European countries have rather different housing crediting systems influenced by different economical, political and social factors The systems differ from one another in financial methods, financial broking principles and in variety of financial products and supply. It is very difficult to ascertain precisely when a real estate market appeared in Lithuania. Some people suppose real estate trade to have appeared after the fall of the Soviet Union having passed the laws legalizing real estate private property. Others think that real estate trade in Lithuania has ancient traditions. The level of provision of dwelling is lower in comparison with the western or northern European countries. 1000 residents are provided with 367 apartments, meanwhile the above mentioned countries with 450. One resident is provided with 22.1 square km. and 30 square km. of serviceable dwelling area respectively. [...].