Universiteto idėja ir akademinė industrija

Abstract

Kultūrologas apžvelgia Universiteto idėjos raidą, esmines aukštojo mokslo tikslų ir modelių sampratas, svarsto, kaip rekonstruoti Lietuvos aukštojo mokslo sistemą, kad universitetai taptų viena reikšmingiausiu ateities visuomenės viziją kuriančių intelektualinių institucijų.

The book is a scholarly inquiry into the history of the idea of a university and reexamination of most essential problems that contemporary systems of higher education are facing. The introduction, based on most illuminating studies and titled "Origins of a University as Idea and as Institution" presents a chronological overview of genesis and development of Western university from ancient to the present times. Tracing the rudimentary forms of the university in the informal philosophical communities of ancient Greece and law schools of Roman Empire, the author shows how the idea of higher education evolved in Byzantine Empire and how the idea of higher education eventually developed and university as an institution was shaped in the cultural universe of the Middle Ages. Differences between two types of medieval universities (Bologna and Paris) as well as their respective influences on institutions of higher education in various European countries and other continents are discussed. The changes of Western culture that started with the rise of industrial revolution and their impact upon the transformations of the university in the modern era are contrasted with the out-worn type of collegial university that could not suit the demands of capitalist society. The differences between British and continental universities on the threshold of the 19th century are discussed and the lack of interactions between society and universities in Germany that eventually grew into demand of an educational reform are emphasized. Further developments of the new model of German research university are outlined and the influence of this completely restructured institution on American system of higher education is reviewed. The first part of the book "Critique of Higher Education and Search for New Ideal Models in 19th - beginning of the 20th Century" is a thorough overview of development of the idea of a university in the beginning of 19th and 20th centuries.