Kelio istorija. Keliai išradus automobilį

Abstract

The third part of the article has been prepared using the material collected by foreign authors. Invention of the automobile in 1885 had a great impact on road development. New hard types of pavements were built in West Europe countries. The network of roads was mainly soil or stabilised soil paved in USA and Russia, and routes led "from farm to market". Bad quality of roads and increasing of quality of cars was the reason for invention of better cars and development of new pavement. Crushed stone pavements started to be used. Some types of binders, such like tar, were used for prevention of road dusting. Compacting of "asphalt mass" first time was used in Europe in 1913. Very soon, it was understood that bitumen, tar or other binders for stone material had a good effect on strengthening of wearing course of road construction. Asphalt concrete, cement concrete for road pavement was first used in the beginning of the XX century in USA and Europe.