Etikos idėjų realumas: Kantas, Heideggeris, Levinas

Abstract

Kant speaks in his ethics about postulates and ideas that form our behaviour. He opposes the transcendentalism to metaphysical transcendence. He is under the influence of the empirical concept of reality. We cannot observe ideas, so they are not real. This leads him to a contradiction, because ideas are both real and not real. They direct our life but they are not observed. The author of the article tries to solve this contradiction with the help of existential (Heidegger) and postphenomenological (Levinas) thinking, where poetic constructions open the living world. The author speaks about a poetic thinking where both ideas and observations compose an integral human world. In this world, poetic fiction and "unreal" ideas are factors of morals. In this way, the author answers the question what is the benefit of philosophy and ethics to human life.