Suminis pramonės skaitmeninimo indeksas 2022 m. : mokslo studija

Abstract

Studijoje apibendrinama autorių pastaruosius keletą metų vykdytų tyrimų medžiaga, sietina su pramonės skaitmeninimo procesų raida, jų stebėsena bei vertinimu. Studijoje sumodeliuotas „Suminis pramonės skaitmeninimo indeksas“ yra grįstas dviem skirtingomis dedamosiomis: pirmoji – pramonės skaitmeninimo indeksas, atsiliekantis rodiklis (angl. lagging indicator), kuris parodo faktinę Lietuvos poziciją, lyginant su ES valstybėmis, skaitmeninės pramonės transformacijos kontekste; antroji – pramonės skaitmeninimo lūkesčių indeksas, pirmaujantis rodiklis (angl. leading indicator), kuris atspindi Lietuvos apdirbamosios pramonės įmonių lūkesčius verslo skaitmeninimo kontekste bei trumpojo laikotarpio plėtros tendencijas. Suminis indeksas leidžia įvertinti Lietuvos apdirbamosios pramonės skaitmeninimo lygį ir numatyti trumpojo laikotarpio pokyčius. Studijoje pateikti ir apibendrinti tyrimų rezultatai laikytini svarbiais aktyvinant pramonės procesų skaitmeninimą, siekiant konkurencingos ekonomikos kūrimo tiek Lietuvoje, tiek ir kitose Europos Sąjungos šalyse. Studijos medžiaga gali būti panaudota vykdant pramonės skaitmeninimo procesų ir tendencijų stebėseną, priimant sprendimus dėl skaitmeninimo technologijų diegimo pramonės įmonėse, o ypač – tobulinant konkurencingos ekonomikos kūrimui bei aktyvinimui skirtą pramonės skaitmeninimo politiką.

The digital transformation in the manufacturing sector is rapidly accelerating and countries around the world are already talking not only about Industry 4.0, but also about the upcoming fifth and sixth industrial revolutions. Digitalization is changing the way products are designed, manufactured, used and maintained. Digitalization is also changing the way how supply chains operate and allows companies to reduce their negative impact on the environment. All of this is ultimately linked to increased business competitiveness, productivity, innovation and rising wages. Lithuania was one of the first EU countries to develop its own Industry Digitalization Roadmap 2020-2030, which outlines the country’s industrial development trends and objectives. The need to monitor the country’s digital transformation is high, however, there are currently no coherent initiatives to monitor the digitization of industry. Responding to this need, the Aggregate Manufacturing Digitalisation Index 2022 was initiated. The index is based on two different components: 1) Manufacturing Digitization Index (lagging indicator) combines 47 different indicators and reflects Lithuania’s actual position compared to EU countries in the context of digital industrial transformation; 2) Manufacturing Digitization Confidence Index (leading indicator), which reflects the expectations of Lithuanian manufacturing companies in the context of business digitization and short-term development trends. The information contained in the study can be used to monitor processes and trends in industrial digitalization, to make decisions on the deployment of digitalization technologies in industrial enterprises and, in particular, to improve the policy on industrial digitalization to build a competitive economy. Based on the results of the study, the document presents recommendations for public interventions in the fields such as human capital, public digitization support and digital infrastructure. Also, the document identifies the different manufacturing sectors and the different technological areas where their further development is necessary. The results of the analysis show, that the actual level of digitization of the Lithuanian manufacturing sector is moderate in the EU context, and the ecosystem for digitization is still not fully developed. However, despite the various challenges that the industry is currently facing, its expectations for digitization are very positive. In 2022, manufacturing companies will further implement their digitization initiatives and the volume of digital transformation will be higher, compared to 2021. According to available data, Lithuania is currently lagging behind the EU in technological areas such as big data analytics, 3D printing and robotics. In the latter category Lithuania ranks particularly low, which is due to the low level of industrial robotics use - the country’s industry ranks only 20-22 among the 27 EU countries. Despite this, Lithuanian manufacturing sector scored more in technological areas such as cloud computing, IoT and artificial intelligence, compared to the average of the EU. In the Lithuanian context, the most digitized sectors are those in the engineering industry, while in the EU context the best performers are traditional manufacturing sectors such as food, textiles, wood or paper.