Automobilių kelių dulkėtumas ir būdai jį mažinti

Abstract

During a dry season, the environment suffers from dust pollution caused by vehicles driving on gravel roads. Lithuania at present has more than 9 thousand kilometers of gravel roads with the traffic intensity ranging from ten to several hundreds of vehicles per day and the air pollution with dust is counted in hundreds of thousands tons. Vehicle traffic and its composition as well as the speed are the main cause for dustiness. The road dustiness is also greatly influenced by climatic phenomena:precipitations, weather temperature and relative humidity, wind waft and speed, and insolation. The following substances may be used to reduce dustiness: calcium chloride (CaCI2), magnesium chloride (MgCI2), lignosulphonate, oil products, and vegetable oil. Usually, calcium chloride is the most effective means to reduce dustiness. Treatment of the gravel pavement using calcium chloride has the following technological process stages: scarification of the surface layer of the pavement, irrigation until optimal humidity, adding of calcium chloride, mixing, grading and thickening. Use of calcium chloride for dustiness reduction solves many problems: preservation of environment, improvement of transport traffic conditions and safety, saving the funds allotted for gravel road grading, meliorate the gravel, as small particles of gravel wear remain on the road and increase the amount of the small on it.