Atsinaujinančių energijos išteklių rėmimo klaidos

Abstract

Analizuojami du pagrindiniai paramos elektros energijos gamintojams, naudojantiems AEI, būdai: žalieji (supirkimo) tarifai ir supirkimo kvotos (žalieji sertifikatai), nurodyti abiejų būdų pranašumai ir trūkumai. Išnagrinėtos dažniausiai pasitaikančios elektros energijos gamintojų, naudojančių AEI, rėmimo, taikant žaliuosius tarifus, klaidos. Pateikti konkretūs klaidingo žaliųjų tarifų taikymo pavyzdžiai. Kritiškai įvertinti numatomi Lietuvoje esamos AEI energetikos rėmimo tvarkos pakeitimai.

The legal framework regulating the EU policy in promoting renewable energy sources (RES) is discussed and the main policy goals of the EU Member States in this area are described. There are two main approaches to promoting RES in the EU Member States: feedin tariffs and green certificates (purchase quotas). The first one is applied in 21 member states. The most frequent mistakes in supporting RES-based electricity production are the use of feed-in tariffs, too high or too low levels of the tariffs, no differentiation of the tariffs based on technology, capacity and other important factors, unpredictable, unstable tariffs, etc. The other hurdles in promoting the RES electricity are long-lasting procedures of obtaining a license or permission, complicated planning procedures, underdeveloped electrical networks. Concrete examples of an inadequate use of feed-in tariffs are presented. Also, the Lithuanian case is critically analysed.