Korupcija švietime: atsiradimo priežastys Ir raiškos formos

Abstract

Aptariamas korupcijos fenomenas. Pateikiama jo samprata ir aptariamos svarbiausios raiškos sritys, parodoma, kad korupcija švietime turi lemiamą įtaką formuojant visuomenės pasitikėjimą valdžia ir švietimo sistemos kokybe. Analizuojama korupcijos pasireiškimas švietimo politikos, Švietimo ir mokslo ministerijos, administraciniu ir mokyklos lygiais. Aptariamos pagrindinės priežastys, skatinančios pedagogus dalyvauti korupciniuose mainuose, labiausiai paplitusios kyšininkavimo švietime formos – dovanos mokytojams, favoritizmas ir protegavimas remiantis giminystės ryšiais, šių reiškinių ypatumai.

This essay is devoted to the problem corruption in education. Corruption in any system is one of the key factors that slow down the country’s economical and social development. It harms law implementation and working order of government institutions, of which the country’s economical development and confidence in government depends so much.Corruption in education system is special because it denies a substantial human right, stated in Human Rights Declaration (1948) – a right to free, quality and objective education. It’s incompatible with the main objective of education, which is to raise citizens respectful to justice and human right. If the education system isn’t based on estimation of equal merits and concept of justice, there is a threat to country’s social, economical and political future. There are four main levels of expression: in education politics, in ministry of education, administrational and school level. Corruption in all of these levels expresses it self in particular manners. We analyze main reasons of corruption-economical, social, cultural, legal, and of course non-existence of measurable criterion and inadequate organizational structure of educational system. Which exists because of the lack of attention and sanctions and incompetent administration, there is a background for teachers to exploit their status unrestrictedly. The most common bribing forms in education are: presents to teachers, favouritism, protection in relation to links with family. It’s noticeable that determination of peculiarity of corruption forms of expression in separate levels of education system requires a sound and purposeful social research.