Baldų gamyba, prekyba ir produkcija Vilniuje XIX a. II pusėje – XX a. pradžioje

Abstract

Straipsnyje apžvelgiami XIX a. II pusės – XX a. pradžios baldų gamybos raidos bruožai Europoje, pristatoma baldų gamybos, prekybos, importo Vilniuje istorinė apžvalga, aptariami šiuo laikotarpiu Vilniuje funkcionavusių baldų tipai.

Furniture heritage is an integral part of the applied art heritage in Vilnius. It is a wide theme which has not yet been widely explored in the historiography of Lithuania. Long time this period heritage was regarded as negative, because that was the start of whole furniture industry as we know it today. The present paper pretends to be the first work, which gives an overview of the development of Vilnius furniture making and import in the second half of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th century. This paper gives overview to the furniture inventory of Vilnius citizen’s houses. The main purpose of this article, using written, archival and iconographic sources, to expose the view of the manufacture of furniture, trade, import history in Vilnius in the second half of the 19th - the beginning of the 20th century. The second task was to classify the furniture by materials, style, and their purpose. Such classification helped to show the diversity of furniture which existed in Vilnius. Found out that in Vilnius existed six type of furniture: iron furniture - beds, so called English beds; garden furniture, fireproof cupboards; bentwood or Viennese furniture, oriental-style furniture - in Vilnius dominated japonisme, wicker furniture, fantasy and stylish, and furniture who has special purposes - for the libraries, offices, hospitals.