Miesto struktūros įtaka energetinių resursų suvartojimui vežant keleivius

Abstract

A modern town is comprised of complex interrelations between socio-political, environmental and economical subsystems. Every city is a framework directed by local inhabitant’s needs and is filled with the ideas of local planners, local and global economical conditions and consequently it is crucial to find reasonable technological solutions. These solutions should shape the sustainable urban environment and the urban transport system is a substantial part of this environment. The quality and supply of transport services very closely relate to environmental aspects and are one of the main indicators showing the quality of life in cities. Transport is the most energy intensive sector of transport and is viewed as a key challenge for sustainable development. Transport causes pollution that has adverse effects on the environment at the local, regional and global levels and harms human health. Integrated approaches to transportation that include improved planning, demand management, fuel efficiency and cleaner fuels can help to meet transport’s challenges. There are three main groups of tools to reduce fuel consumption and emissions: technological, administrational, and planning. One of the main strategic objectives of the Lithuanian transport sector is development of its infrastructure, increase of transport flows and energy efficiency. Therefore, the Lithuanian policy is orientated to secured operation, traffic safety, reduction of environmental impacts, market regulation and fiscal harmonization etc. On the other hand, the improvement of the ecological situation should take place and this is main objective of Lithuania’s environmental strategy. Some possible social responses to the problem of air pollution are the introduction of energy saving measures, urban planning incentives to reduce energy consumption, and the use of more renewable fuels. Among these difficult and contradictory issues lies a technological opportunity to influence further development of the transport sector in more sustainable ways.