Stambaus sutelktojo taršos šaltinio įtaka Neries upės vandens kokybės parametrų kaitai

Abstract

Viena iš svarbiausių upių vandens kokybės problemų Lietuvoje yra jų užteršimas biogeninėmis medžiagomis. Pagrindiniai upių vandens taršos biogeninėmis medžiagomis šaltiniai yra sutelktoji bei pasklidoji tarša. Straipsnyje analizuojama stambaus sutelktojo taršos šaltinio įtaka Neries upės vandens kokybei. Atlikti natūriniai tyrimai 2014 m. kovo–rugsėjo mėnesiais Neries upėje ties Jonava. Nitratų koncentracijos Neries upėje ties Jonava analizuojamąjį laikotarpį prie gamyklos svyravo nuo 0,00 mg/l iki 132 mg/l, o žemiau už gamyklos – nuo 0,00 mg/l iki 0,6 mg/l. Fosforo fosfatų koncentracijos žemiau už miesto nuotekų valymo įrengimų svyruoja nuo 0,14 mg/l iki 0,815 mg/l, o aukščiau už nuotekų valymo įrengimų svyruoja nuo 0,01 mg/l iki 0,815 mg/l.

Water is an essential element for all living organisms, it is one of the most important conditions for the origin and existence of life. People started polluting the rivers with highly concentrated wastewaters after the emergence of cities as well as after the development of industry. A lot of efforts are put to reduce water pollution in Lithuania as are in many other countries of the world. According to the national monitoring data, high concentration of nutrients still remains in the rivers of Lithuania (Environment 2013). Water pollution is one of the main environmental problems in the EU. The object of the current work is water of the Neris river. It is believed that the city of Jonava and the company Achema AB affect the quality of the Neris river water. Thus, it is very important to assess the pollution caused by the city of Jonava and Achema AB. It is relevant to assess how the activities of the nearby established company of chemical industry influence the water of Neris river. In order to find out the main problems of water pollution, it is essential to analyse water quality parameters. For this purpose water quality analyses were performed from 15 March 2014 to 27 September 2014. The following parameters were recorded: active water reaction (pH), water temperature variations, nitrates, phosphates, ammonium ions. The water quality of the Neris river near Jonava was assessed according to the parameters mentioned above.