Monitoring of statistical data on GHG emissions using GIS: A review

Abstract

The aim of this work is to analyse greenhouse gases (GHGs), their emissions in the agricultural sector, and the possibility of monitoring them through remote sensing (RS), and data-driven solutions. In this paper using GIS software analysed the GHG emission reports of 43 member countries that are regularly submitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The analysis highlighted Sweden's leadership in the energy sector, where up to 66% of its electricity comes from renewable sources. New Zealand also stood out in the context of all countries, with very high methane (CH4) emissions due to the country's large livestock population and poor emission controls in the agricultural sector. The article also provided an overview of the satellites currently available on the market for monitoring GHG emissions and a partial analysis of their characteristics. Future work is planned to further investigate the applicability of satellites for monitoring GHG emissions, to provide a detailed analysis of the characteristics of public, commercial, and hybrid satellites, to carry out practical applications of satellite data for the determination of agricultural emissions, and to develop a methodology for continuous emissions monitoring.