Method for evaluation water budget in small river cathments

Abstract

The atmospheric water infiltrating the underground predetermines the water storage of large and small rivers, groundwater and inter-stratum water supplies and base-flow. Climate fluctuation cycles affect the natural fluctuations of water-table horizon. Groundwater exploitation, usually responsible for reduction of groundwater supplies, is another important factor of groundwater dynamics. Water-table phreatic zones are replenished by infiltration water which never is of good quality. These negative trends became especially evident in the 21st century. The goal of the present research is to evaluate the groundwater storage formation ingredients in small river catchments based on analysis of precipitation water, relief dissection, surface deposits and types of land use. This method allows evaluating effective precipitation, infiltration condition of sediments, land use structure and relief dissection. The evaluation based on thematic large-scale maps and digital data bases.