Meteorologinių elementų parametrų kiekybinis įvertinimas ir poveikis orlaivių kilimo ir tūpimo charakteristikoms

Abstract

Straipsnyje aptariamas meteorologinių elementų, kurie turi įtakos orlaivių kilimui ir tūpimui (vėjas, debesuotumas ir t. t.), susidarymas. Tirta, kokią įtaką jie turi skrydžiams, kokios gali būti pasekmės nepaisant reikalavimų.

Observations of meteorological conditions are made by means of instruments and visual estimation and are used for landing and take-off, en-route navigation and flight performance, and as a basis for forecasting. At many locations, observations are made by use of automatic observing equipment. The equipment normally forms part of an integrated automatic or semiautomatic system, with displays at local aeronautical meteorological station(s), meteorological office(s), briefing facilities and ATS units. This automatic observing equipment provides data for the manual insertion of weather elements which the equipment is not capable of observing. It is necessary to provide aeronautical users with the two reports, one for local aerodrome use and one for use beyond the aerodrome, in order to meet operational requirements as follows: – local reports for aircraft about to land or take-off including requirements for ATIS broadcasts and D-ATIS transmissions; and – METARs/SPECIs for flight planning and en-route flight information service purposes, including requirements for VOLMET broadcasts and D-VOLMET transmissions.