A Systematic Framework for Resistor Tolerance Analysis to Improve Voltage Stability in Electronic Circuits

Abstract

In electronic circuits, ensuring a stable output voltage is crucial, especially when working with voltage dividers. Variations in resistor values due to manufacturing tolerances affected by temperature variations can introduce unexpected fluctuations in output voltage, thereby affecting circuit performance. While selecting higher tolerance resistors reduces costs, it compromises voltage stability, whereas using lower tolerance resistors significantly increases circuit cost. Hence, an optimal balance between cost and performance is essential. In this view, this paper presents a systematic framework for identifying optimal resistor tolerance values that maintain voltage stability within an acceptable range. Python-based simulations are employed to analyze voltage variations by varying resistor values within a ±10% tolerance range, automatically. The results are processed to identify the most suitable resistor configurations. All the practical combinations are tabulated by ranking them based on less voltage deviation and more resistor tolerances. An optimal solution with this desired functionality is given as the highest rank. Besides, visual representations are plotted for better insight. By automating the analysis and visualization, this research provides a practical tool for engineers, industry professionals, researchers, and to optimize voltage divider performance with minimal manual effort. The proposed approach simplifies resistor selection, ensuring both cost-effectiveness and reliable circuit design.