Evaluation of Sustainability of the Transport System of Urbanized Areas Considering the Development of Bicycle Transport

Abstract

In the process of its development, humanity is constantly faced with environmental pollution. Despite the fact that the improvement of technology improves the quality of life of society, such rapid progress inevitably leads to a decrease in the state of the environment. As a result of economic, technical and technological development, the quality of human health is deteriorating. One of the most significant factors in environmental degradation is intensive automobilization. The article presents the main directions of reducing the negative impact of automobilization on the environment. It was noted that one of the promising trends in the desire for an environmentally friendly and safer level of development of the transport system is the active use of bicycle transport, which will improve the health of the population, reduce harmful emissions into the atmosphere, the noise level in the city, traffic congestion and solve the growing problem of the “first and last mile”. The article presents a simulation model of transport flows developed by the authors of one of the critical sections of the road network using the example of a large city. A computer experiment was made on the model and the emissions of pollutants and the noise level from vehicles were calculated for various flow parameters. It turned out that when replacing a part of motor transport by bicycle transport, the calculated reduction in emissions of CO, NOX, CXHY, SO2 and the equivalent sound level would be 20.0%, 20.7%, 8.9%, 14.1% and 9.1%, respectively.