Comparative Analysis of Train and Bus Performance: Factors Influencing Public Transport Choices in Algeria

Abstract

Investment in and modernization of public transport systems have improved the quality of life for citizens in several cities worldwide. However, efficient mobility requires balanced management of different public transport modes. This study assesses the performance of train and bus systems in Algeria to determine which mode is more attractive to passengers and to identify the factors influencing their modal choices. The methodology used in this article combines data from the National Office of Statistics (ONS), the National Railway Transport Company (SNTF), the Algerian Bus Station Management Company (SOGRAL), and a qualitative passenger survey. The analysis is structured into three parts. The first part presents the annual train passengers’ number. The second part, compares passengers’ numbers for train and bus on the same itinerary. While the third part evaluates the two transportation means based on five key performance indicators: accessibility, ticket price, comfort and safety, reliability, and travel time. Results revealed a significant imbalance between the number of passengers using the train and those using the bus, with bus users far outnumbering train users. Furthermore, travel time and operating hours emerge as the primary determinants of passengers’ modal preferences. The study concludes with recommendations to achieve a balance between these two modes of transport and to enhance their service quality.