Review of Engineering Research Methods for the Formation of a Digital Model of the Area with the Determination of the Accuracy and Compliance

Abstract

The article considers the main methods of engineering surveys (leveling by diameters, tacheometric survey, laser survey, survey by laser profilers, GPS-survey) survey of the area with the main advantages and disadvantages. Processing of the received data at system automated designing as a result of topographic and geodetic works is a digital model of district (which consists of an array of points) of a design zone. During geodetic survey or its in-house processing, the points are given certain attributes necessary for adequate modeling of surfaces, situations and correct implementation of all subsequent design procedures. Since in real projects of complex structures, the engineer deals with arrays of tens and hundreds of thousands of points, it is natural that modern computer-aided design systems must have advanced means of visual editing. For modeling of surfaces there are different types of structures: horizontally, on structural lines, on diameters to a route or the main course, statistical. The problem of constructing a surface by the method of triangulation is one of the basic ones in computational geometry. It includes many others related to surface modeling and solving spatial problems in machine graphics, computer-aided design systems and geographic information systems. Also, a study of the dependence of the height of the terrain and the percentage of error of the obtained digital terrain model. Therefore, based on the results of calculations, it can be concluded that the materials of the survey follow the instructions for topographic surveying for the use of these works in further design.